Litigation

Among U.S. financial regulators, Chopra is the one who bankers fear the most. His agency is expected to battle with the financial industry in 2023 on topics ranging from discrimination to fees and the bureau's funding mechanism.

Many experts think the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's funding through the Federal Reserve could be the fatal flaw in the Dodd-Frank Act that created the agency, but differentiating the CFPB's structure from others may be tricky.

The Wyoming-based digital-asset bank wants more information about why a decision on its two-year-old application for a master account has been delayed. But U.S. District Judge Scott Skavdahl ruled that the central bank won't have to turn over everything Custodia sought.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau is investigating how the Jack Dorsey-led company handles fraud on its person-to-person payments app. After the bureau accused Block of dragging its feet, a federal magistrate judge gave the company a Jan. 5 deadline.

Early next year the 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals is slated to consider whether certain loans are actually securities.

The case involved a customer who was charged $100,000 in legal fees when he tried to pay off a commercial mortgage early. After the borrower waged a nearly decadelong legal fight, a Florida court ordered the bank to reimburse a portion of the fees.

The ruling means that a lower court's pro-consumer decision cannot be used as a precedent in other litigation. Consumer advocates had hoped the case would make it more difficult for debt buyers in North Carolina to file a large volume of lawsuits, which often lead to default judgments against borrowers.

The Canadian-owned bank vowed to appeal the large verdict, which illustrated the risks that banks take on when they shoulder the liabilities of companies they acquire.

Following the verdict, the student-loan servicer could potentially owe Louis Beryl more than $4.4 million in severance money. Navient fired Beryl less than three months after acquiring Earnest, the student loan refinancing company that he co-founded.

Legal experts are gaming out the various options for the CFPB after a three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit ruled on Oct. 19 that the bureau's funding is unconstitutional.