Racial bias

Alternative data can be beneficial for individuals locked out of the financial system’s more conventional data types, but such data is open to manipulation or biased interpretation.

Basel Institute says enforcement is the problem; wealth adviser says bank steered clients away from her to white colleagues and blocked her promotion.

The Obama administration took two last-minute swipes at JPMorgan Chase, accusing the lender in separate lawsuits of discriminating against minorities in home lending and against its own female employees by paying them less than their male counterparts.