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Kevin Warsh Federal Reserve Chair confirmation hearing: Live coverage

Kevin Warsh
Graeme Sloan/Bloomberg

WASHINGTON — Kevin Warsh, a former Federal Reserve governor with a long career on Wall Street, was tapped for the central bank's top job in January, but today is the real audition.

Warsh will testify before the Senate Banking Committee Tuesday morning for his confirmation hearing to become Fed chair amid an ongoing and politically charged investigation into current Chair Jerome Powell. 

That investigation has made Warsh's confirmation a non-starter — for the moment at least — with at least one Republican senator on the committee, Thom Tillis of North Carolina, promising to oppose Warsh's nomination until the investigation concludes.

The DOJ probe and persistent pressure from President Donald Trump on Powell and the rest of the members of the Federal Open Market Committee to lower rates, has called into question how independently future Trump appointees would make decisions about monetary policy. It's likely to be one of the main lines of attack from Democratic senators, and something that Republicans will want to get Warsh on the record before the committee attempts to vote. 

While Tillis' opposition to Warsh's nomination makes this confirmation hearing largely moot, Warsh still has a viable path to confirmation if the Department of Justice drops its investigation — or, failing that, after Tillis leaves Congress in January 2027. 

Warsh has advocated in the past for shrinking the Fed's balance sheet and pulling back its role in markets. Warsh has also accused the Fed in the past of "mission creep." 

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40m ago

Warsh: Trump never asked me to commit to lowering interest rates

Kevin Warsh
Former Federal Reserve Gov. Kevin Warsh before the Senate Banking Committee April 21.
Bloomberg News
Kevin Warsh said that he hasn't committed to President Donald Trump that he will lower interest rates, but said that his views on interest rates and Trump's tend to coincide. 

Federal Reserve independence has been a hot topic throughout Warsh's confirmation hearing, although Warsh has repeatedly said he would make decisions about interest rates independently of politicians' demands. He doubled down on that view on Tuesday. 

"The president never asked me to predetermine, commit, fix or decide on any interest rate decision in any of our interest rate discussions, nor would I agree to do so," he said in response to a line of questioning from Sen. John Kennedy, R-La. 

That said, Warsh has theories about interest rates that suggest he would be sympathetic to Trump's argument. One of his ideas, called the AI productivity theory, says that artificial intelligence has made companies so productive as to throw off the traditional inflation calculus. 

Warsh has argued, Kennedy summarized, "that companies don't have to raise prices, therefore inflation isn't a problem therefore rates can be cut." 

"That is not how I would characterize the story on AI," Warsh responded. "I've said this is the most disruptive moment in economic history." 

But Kennedy suggested that Republicans might not be sympathetic to this argument. 

"Here's my worry, that a lot of the stuff about AI making us more productive is hype about people wanting to sell stock and an IPO," he said. 
44m ago

Tillis reasserts he won't back Warsh until Powell investigation dropped

Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C.
Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C.
Bloomberg News
Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C. reaffirmed during Kevin Warsh's confirmation hearing that he will not vote for the nominee until the Department of Justice investigation into Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell is dropped. 

"I'm not going to ask y0u anything," Tillis said to Warsh. "I'm going to talk [about] what prevents me from being in the position to vote for you." Tillis has been calling for months for the administration to drop its investigation into Powell over renovation costs at the central bank's headquarters. He renewed that call Tuesday, calling on the administration to "get rid of this investigation, so I can support this confirmation."

"We had some U.S. attorney or assistant U.S. attorney with a dream [thought] it would be cute to bring Chair Powell under investigation," said Tillis. "It sounds like someone at the DOJ didn't check with the boss." President Donald Trump in a recent interview said that his administration would not drop its criminal probe into Powell over renovations at the central bank headquarters.
47m ago

Warsh promises to divest 'virtually' all his financial assets

Kevin Warsh speaks at a lucite podium
Kevin Warsh, former governor of the Federal Reserve.
Bloomberg News
Following a testy exchange with Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., about his financial disclosures, Kevin Warsh said he would divest "virtually" all his financial assets should he be confirmed as Federal Reserve chairman. 

Warsh, who has a lengthy Wall Street career and whose wife is an heir to the Estee Lauder fortune, would likely be the wealthiest chairman in U.S. history. His net worth dwarfs that of current Chairman Jerome Powell, who himself came from the private equity sector. 

Sen. Mike Rounds, R-S.D., gave some of his time to Warsh to answer what assets he will divest — many of which seemingly pose a conflict of interest if the Office of Government Ethics would require him to divest them — after he refused to answer Warren's line of questioning on the confidential nature of his investments. 

"I agreed to divest virtually all of my financial assets, the large majority of which could be divested, before I raised my right hand and am sworn into office by this body," Warsh said. "So I've gone above and beyond, not for any special or special reason other than the Fed needs to reestablish its credibility."

Warsh did not share why a large share of his wealth is undisclosed, or how lawmakers could confirm that he's in compliance with his ethics agreement. 

Warsh said that he has disclosed "all the information that is mine to disclose." 
1h 7m ago

Warsh foreshadows 'regime change' in monetary policy

Kevin-Warsh.jpg
Former Federal Reserve Gov. Kevin Warsh
Bloomberg News
Kevin Warsh during his Senate confirmation hearing said if he is confirmed to be the next Federal Reserve chair he will usher in "a regime change" in conducting monetary policy as a means to alleviate price pressures felt by households.Specifically, Warsh pointed to the need for the central bank to use its "tools differently," highlighting the Federal Reserve's interest rate and balance sheet tools. 

"The Fed has an interest rate tool and a balance sheet tool," he said. "My view is that the interest rate tool gets in the cracks. It's fairer. The balance sheet tool disproportionately helps those with financial assets."Warsh added that he also wants to usher in "new communications," though did not elaborate on how exactly the central bank's communications would change under his leadership. 

The Fed last year embarked on a review of its communication strategy to markets, but Fed Chair Jerome Powell said during the March Federal Open Market Committee press conference that he had hoped to make some adjustments to the FOMC statement of economic projections, known as the dot-plot, but that there was insufficient support on the FOMC to enact changes.
1h 44m ago

Warren: Lack of bank policy independence could stifle competition

Elizabeth Warren
Senate Banking Committee ranking member Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass.
Bloomberg News
Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., the ranking member of the Senate Banking Committee, criticized Kevin Warsh's lack of commitment to bank policy independence at the Federal Reserve. 

In his opening statement, Warsh defended the independence of monetary policy at the Fed. But he explicitly declined to extend that independence to other aspects of the Fed's expansive powers, including bank policy. 

This is a problem for competition in the banking sector, Warren told reporters ahead of the Warsh confirmation hearing, especially as President Donald Trump and his family have shown interest in entering the financial sector via their crypto companies like World Liberty Financial, which has applied for a charter with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.  

In the Fed's case, this means that in the future, Warsh might be in the position of approving or disapproving actions that could affect firms directly or indirectly controlled by President Trump. 

"Does that mean that the Fed should just give its automatic approval if they want that bank to have access to the Fed window?" she said, referring to the Fed's emergency liquidity facility. "They want it to have special treatment, they want it not to be carefully supervised. Kevin Warsh is saying he should take phone calls from the President of the United States, promoting his bank and stepping on the competition."
2h 14m ago

Warsh: Fed maintains independence by staying in its lane

Before shrinking the Fed’s balance sheet, Warsh has other work to do
Former Federal Reserve Gov. Kevin Warsh, President Trump's pick to replace Jerome Powell as Fed chair.
Bloomberg News
In his written opening remarks for the hearing, Federal Reserve Chair-designate Kevin Warsh suggested that he would be open to listening to outside views on monetary policy, but that the independence of the Federal Reserve is essential. 



"Central bankers must be strong enough to listen to a diversity of views from all corners,  humble enough to be open-minded to new ideas and new economic developments, wise enough to translate imperfect data into meaningful insight, and dedicated enough to make judgments faithfully and wisely," his remarks said. 



He said that "monetary policy independence is essential, but that he does "not believe the operational independence of monetary policy is particularly threatened when elected officials — presidents, senators, or members of the House — state their views on interest rates." 



While Warsh was defensive of the central bank's independence in setting monetary policy, he did not think it should extend to bank regulatory policy, however — a consistent theme with other administration officials



"That degree of independence does not extend to the full range of its congressionally mandated functions," Warsh's written testimony reads. "Fed officials are not entitled to the same special deference in their stewardship of public monies, or in bank regulatory and supervisory policy,  or in areas affecting international finance, among other matters." 



And Fed independence is at greatest risk "when it strays into fiscal and social policies where it has neither authority nor expertise." 



"In the period after the crisis, I also witnessed an institution that was tempted to play a larger role in the economy and society, to extend its reach and stretch its hard-earned credibility, often with the best intentions, to the very edge of, if not beyond, the Fed's statutory responsibilities," Warsh wrote in his remarks.