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(Image: ShutterStock)
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In the Beginning

The current swipe-fee antitrust case in front of Judge John Gleeson in New York has its roots in a July 2005 federal court decision in California to dismiss a merchant lawsuit challenging interchange. In October of that year, a panel transferred the complaints to Gleeson’s court. (Image: ShutterStock)
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A Settlement Is Reached

Seven years later, the lawyers representing the plaintiffs worked out a $7.25 billion settlement with the card brands, which also agreed to lift merchants’ surcharging restrictions. (Image: ShutterStock)
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Eugene Bochkarev

Merchants Lash Out

In October 2012, after Gleeson granted preliminary approval of the settlement, merchant appeals began in earnest. Most of the objectors bristled at the stipulation against future lawsuits, and said the card networks' fee rules remained unchanged. (Image: ThinkStock)
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Dmitriy Shabanov/Getty Images/Hemera

Free to Fee

At the start of this year, one of the card brands' concessions kicked in: the ability for merchants to charge fees to consumers for using credit cards. (Image: ThinkStock)
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Websites Face Scrutiny

In April 2013 Gleeson threatens a contempt ruling against retailer websites for failing to correct inaccurate information about opting out or objecting to settlement. Gleeson eventually ruled associations were not in contempt. (Image: ShutterStock)
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Rain falls on the Target Corp. logo displayed outside of a store in Peru, Illinois, U.S., on Thursday, Feb. 7, 2013. Target Corp. led U.S. retailers to the biggest monthly same-store sales gain in more than a year as shoppers snapped up discounted merchandise chains were clearing out after the holidays. Photographer: Daniel Acker/Bloomberg
Daniel Acker/Bloomberg

Fresh Targets

Target and Macy’s filed suits just prior to May 28 deadline for merchants to either opt out or object to settlement, but filed it in another New York district court. Their filing alleged that the settlement amount was too generous to the card brands and allowed too much leeway to raise fees in the future. (Image: Bloomberg News)
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Visa and MasterCard credit cards are arranged for a photo in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on Thursday, May 21, 2009. Canada will introduce new disclosure and grace-period requirements for credit card issuers, Finance Minister Jim Flaherty said today, as pressure mounts on the government to bolster oversight of the industry. Photographer: Norm Betts/Bloomberg News
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Card Networks Respond

Visa and MasterCard subsequently filed a suit in Gleeson's court against the retailers and trade groups rejecting the settlement, asking the judge to declare the card brands’ system for setting interchange fee as a legal process. (Image: Bloomberg News)
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Objectors Counted

More than 500 merchants filed objections to the deal by the court-mandated deadline. Of the nation’s top 100 retailers, 36 had come out against the settlement. (Image: ShutterStock)
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What Happens Next

The final approval hearing on the settlement on Sept. 12 remains the key date that could potentially end an 8-year payments industry battle over interchange. (Image: ShutterStock)

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