Banking Crisis: One Year Later

The Federal Home Loan Bank System stepped up advances by 37% or more to Silicon Valley, Signature and First Republic banks ahead of their failures, the GAO says in a post-mortem on last year's banking crisis. The findings add to the debate about whether the system should be a lender of last resort.

Larger banks are responsible for a special assessment to cover the costs of the failures of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank. The price tag has ballooned by $4.1 billion, and trade groups are criticizing the FDIC's process, arguing that it lacks transparency.

Silicon Valley Bank, Heartland Tri-State and Citizens Bank in Sac City, Iowa, were among bank failures in 2023. What's changed since?

Sen. Bill Hagerty, R-Tenn., and Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., sent separate letters to banking regulators on the anniversary of the failure of Silicon Valley Bank, with Hagerty questioning the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.'s sale of Signature Bank's assets and Warren urging the regulators to tighten capital and liquidity requirements.

Midsize lenders have largely defied the most dire predictions following Silicon Valley Bank's demise. But the nation's largest banks still have structural advantages, and the regionals remain hampered by their real-estate heavy portfolios and the continuing impact of high interest rates.

Ken Vecchione, leader of Western Alliance since 2018, grew up listening to his parents talk business strategy around the dinner table. He called on those lessons and his more than 30 years of experience to steer the regional bank through last year's turmoil.

Last spring, the company's executives stared down any banker's worst fear: the threat of a deposit run. Here's what kept them off the list of 2023's dead banks.

During the March 2023 banking crisis, company executives had to calm panicked customers, shore up liquidity and reassure investors after two other regionals failed. Key decisions during a critical seven-day window likely averted disaster.

Bipartisan legislation is ready for consideration in the Senate, but even if that fails, regulators have the tools they need to rein in excessive risk taking.

Bill Demchak, in a panel hosted by Brookings on Tuesday, said that last year's bank failures wouldn't have happened if the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency had been the supervisor.