Flaws in testing may be real source of Wells Fargo's tech failure; BB&T-SunTrust deal throws talent and deposits up for grabs, threatens banking's middle tier; what JPMorgan Chase's JPM Coin means for Ripple and Swift; and more from this week's most-read stories.

Barclays, BMO, Citibank, Goldman Sachs and ING contributed to the online student lender, which last year made over $1 billion in loans.

Arjuna Capital is filing shareholder proposals with 11 financial and tech companies to uncover median gender pay gaps, which it said would determine if more women are concentrated in lower-paying jobs.

Pentagon Federal Credit Union, JPMorgan Chase, Capital One, Citigroup and a handful of others have pumped more than 100 million contactless credit and debit cards altogether into the U.S. market recently, but it’s a drop in the bucket in the world’s largest card market.

The moves are aimed at beefing up consumer lending and attracting deposits in markets where Citi has no branch presence.

Citigroup's venture capital arm is investing in technology that provides real-time analysis of millions of consumers' card transactions.

JPMorgan Chase, Capital One, Citigroup, Pentagon Federal Credit Union and a handful of others have pumped more than 100 million contactless credit and debit cards altogether into the U.S. market recently, but it’s a drop in the bucket in the world’s largest card market.

The three large banks banks are joining a number of institutions in agreeing to eliminate fees for Californians who receive benefits via electronic transfer cards. Chase and BofA will also waiving the fees nationwide.

Swift is showing more swagger in its rivalry with Ripple thanks to progress it has made with a multifaceted payments-tracking technology called GPI.

Swift is showing more swagger in its rivalry with Ripple thanks to progress it has made with a multifaceted payments-tracking technology called GPI.

A former audit executive at Citi and Amex, Julie Scammahorn is replacing David Julian, who remains on administrative leave. She will join the bank in April.

Major U.S. banks shaved about $21 billion from their tax bills last year — almost double the IRS’s annual budget — as the industry benefited more than many others from the Republican tax overhaul.

Thanks to big tech companies, the business world is moving to third-party platforms, or online marketplaces where buyers pull sellers' products off digital shelves. A growing number of financial institutions — including BBVA, Citi and community banks like Eastern — say they can't afford to sit out the trend.

The combination of their convenient branch networks and strong digital offerings makes large, national banks tough to beat in dispensing financial guidance, consumers say.

The leaders of the biggest U.S. banks are likely to be summoned to face questions from the Financial Services Committee, an early sign that the financial industry will endure tougher scrutiny under a Democratic-controlled House.

Readers weigh in on the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's payday rule, consider the gender wage gap in banking, debate restrictions to membership at the Federal Home Loan banks and more.

For thousands of government employees, credit card bills are coming due for travel and other expenses they incurred before the shutdown.

"I don't and I never would discount the European banks," Citigroup Chief Executive Officer Michael Corbat said in an interview at the World Economic Forum in Davos. "Don't overestimate the U.S. banks' position, and don't underestimate the European banks' position."

Citi is the first to share its unadjusted pay gap and lays out its goals for improvement. Bankers will be getting to know the progressive female freshmen who are storming D.C. a lot better. Plus, lots of fintech people moves and Gillette's take on toxic masculinity.

In letters to the Treasury secretary and CEOs of the largest banks, the Massachusetts Democrat questioned why Mnuchin was trying to quell liquidity fears that had not previously been mentioned by regulators.