U.K.

From Malta to Belgium, the past three years have served as something of a shopping market between payments-based fintechs seeking alternative jurisdictions through which they could still be licensed within the EU, and investment agencies hoping for a piece of their business.

So far this year, Lloyds and Clydesdale and Yorkshire Banks have had payment failures in the U.K. And in the U.S., a software glitch at parking technology vendor Parkeon halted digital payments at meters in New York and other cities.

With the cost of processing business transactions remaining stubbornly high, a number of U.K. fintechs are working to facilitate open banking payments, a method which could soon enable consumers and businesses to make faster payments at a lower cost.

Visa has formed a strategic partnership with Global Processing Services. It also announced its Visa Direct debit push service will power real-time cross-border payments in Europe via TransferWise.

Nationwide Building Society is investing in the U.K. fintech charity app Percent, broadening Nationwide's support of charities and expanding Percent’s user base beyond its traditional core segment of students and young adults.

The Bank of England fined Citi $57 million for failing to properly report capital and liquidity levels at its European investment bank and other global operations.

Merchants are embracing open banking at a high rate, creating new opportunities once consumers get on board, says Nuapay's Brian Hanrahan.

The rise of challenger banks has meant that this revenue stream is becoming increasingly squeezed.

Modern technology is making it easier for fraudsters to trick consumers into believing they are making payments from their accounts to legitimate providers, but governing bodies in the U.K. are putting the brakes on rushing to create a new fund to compensate victims of those scams.

The adoption of payment cards over cash varies by nation, but debit ruled nearly everywhere on the continent.